Difference between pages "Licences Advice" and "Engineering"

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This page aims to put the various licences that URY follows into simple key points. It includes hard rules as well as tips and notes to make being legal easier.
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{{Team
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  |tstyle={{Teamstyle Engineering}}
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  |name=Engineering Team
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  |logo=
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  |brief=Maintains URY's audio and broadcast hardware. Also oversees building infrastructure and general maintenance.
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  |csec=[[Constitution|Here]]
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  |roles=[[Chief Engineer]]<br />[[Assistant Chief Engineer]]
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  |teammail=engineering@ury.org.uk
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  |freshermail=engineering@ury.org.uk
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  |hotmail=chief.engineer@ury.org.uk
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}}
  
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'''Engineering Team''' is the URY team responsible for maintaining URY's broadcast equipment and providing suitable set-ups for outside broadcasting, live sessions, or anything else you can think of really. If it handles analogue or digital audio and isn't a computer, its probably ours!
  
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== Ofcom Licence ==
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==What do we do?==
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This is the first one most people think of when "radio" and "licence" come to mind, but believe it or not, now we have a licence (It's a Community LPAM one, if you're interested), it's pretty straight forward. Once a year, we pay a licence fee, every 5 years we renew the agreement, and the only fixed legal requirements are that:
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From the moment a sound leaves anything (a computer, vinyl, human, cassette, instrument, etc) to the moment it goes in to a computer for streaming, we are responsible for it! Whether that's in the studio, a session recording, the transmission (Tx) cupboard in stores or at an Outside Broadcast (OB), it's our issue.  
  
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* We broadcast across campus on 1350AM within reasonable technical standards (i.e. we don't interfere with maritime broadcasts, as we once did a few decades ago.... whoops)
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===Studio 1===
−
* We don't mention that on air that we can be potentially be heard elsewhere depending on various complicated science things
+
The main broadcasting studio, S1 was last re-built in 2011 with the support of Alumni funding (YuFund). The mixing desk is a [[Sonifex S2]] split-chassis broadcast desk. There are: 5 mics; 2 vinyl decks; 2 CDJs; 2 CD players; 4 aux inputs; a telephone channel with jack input (for a smartphone); 3 BAPs channels (from the presenter PC); a guest PC input; a presenter PC input. For visualisation, there are also 2 HD ready cameras and 2 LED lights.
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* We broadcast the station frequency (1350AM) and callsign (VERSITY or URY) once an hour
 
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** Yes, playing the news in jingle or saying "Online at ury.org.uk and across campus on 1350AM, this is URY news" is a legal requirement!
 
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* Our output is targetted for students and staff at the University of York
 
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* Our transmitter is only on for 30 weeks a year, but is '''always on''' during this time (unless we suffer a prolonged power outage or an attack by terrorists or the Queen's enemies)
 
  
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You were expecting more? That's all the legal bits. You thought swearing was against Ofcom rules? It's not. Everything else you hear about is in fact based on Ofcom ''guidelines''. Thick, boring documents giving you examples of what is good and bad and cases where broadcasters have done it right/wrong in the past. Our presenter contract is a conservative way of meeting all this while not boring presenters with detail. So if you want to know more about what content a show can have, it's useful to look at the [http://stakeholders.ofcom.org.uk/broadcasting/guidance/ Ofcom Guidance pages] for more information.
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S1 is home to the Tardis. This contains all the outboard stuff used in the studio, including a RedNet 2; compression; patch panels; headphone distribution; Wil's Black Box; sonifex power; black magic (visualisation); speaker amps.
  
 +
===Studio 2===
 +
Primarily used for recording, S2 was last re-built in 2012. The mixing desk is a Sonifex Sovereign broadcasting desk with custom modifications. There are: 3 mic; 2 aux inputs; 3 BAPs channels (from the presenter PC); a disconnected telephone channel.
  
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== PRS/PPL Licencing ==
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S2 is home to the Blue Box. This contains a RedNet 2 (under construction); compression; patch panels; sonifex power; a speaker amp.
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This is where it gets... fun. The big problem with radio is copyright - if we just played music on air and online we're being very very naughty. We have to pay the artists, publishers, distributors and so on their share every time you click "Play" in the studio. For this, we pay licences to two separate companies - PRS and PPL, each of which handle part of those payments.
 
  
 +
===Production Office===
  
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=== PRS Webcaster Licence ===
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The production office is also the main office of URY. Day-to-day it is used by any member of the station as a space to plan shows, meet with other members or get some work done. At the far end is a production PC and mixing desk. These can be used for recording sessions, jingles, clips, etc. The desk is a Yamaha 01v96i digital sound desk with a MY-16AUD Dante expansion card. This is connected via USB and analogue cabling to the PC. It also has inputs from both office wall-PCs, the studios, the CD player, and a patch panel in S2.
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This one's simple - we're small and non-profit so other than a licence fee every year we don't have to do anything.
 
  
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=== PPL Webcaster Standard Licence ===
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===Transmission===
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I've lost large parts of my life to these guys. Once a quarter, we have to send them a report of '''every''' track we've played, including the record label and distributor, as well as some complicated statistics involving listener-hours and performances by territory. The main thing you can do to help with this is do what your contract says - only play music via BAPS. In addition to this, there's lots of other annoying little requirements:
 
  
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* During any 3 hour period:
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URY is broadcast across campus on 1350AM. Our output is also streamed online at ury.org.uk, on radio player, iTunes radio, etc. The engineering team is responsible for getting the audio output to 1350AM and to the stream server for [[computing]] to stream. This all happens in the transmission (Tx) cupboard located in stores. Access to this is restricted to only the Head of Computing and Chief Engineer due to our licence, however they can grant access to anyone except the station manager.  
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** We can play no more than 3 tracks from any album (and no more than 2 consecutively).
 
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** We can play no more than 4 tracks from any particular artist or compilation (and no more than 3 consecutively).
 
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*** The [[Campus Jukebox]] does some magic to make sure it follows this, but for presenters, it's up to you to be aware of this!
 
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* A Track may only be played once in any 1-hour period.
 
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* We have to show what song we are playing on the website (and over AM if it ever becomes reasonable for us to financially) as we are playing them, and after we've played them '''but never before'''.
 
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** For presenters, this just means using [[BAPS]] or manually [[Tracklisting]] as you go. Computing manage the rest.
 
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** In addition, you cannot mention "We have Gaga coming up in 10 minutes". You can use vague things like "in the show". This is so people don't know what time to record our web stream if they still pirate music like that.
 
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* We can store up to 20,000 Dubbed Tracks in our central filestore at any time.
 
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** Computing manage this for you, too.
 
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* Each show can only be advertised up to 4 times in a 2 week period.
 
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** This clause is vague. We should clarify this, because I'm pretty sure we don't follow this sometimes.
 
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* We can't knowingly make it sound like we're affiliated with any artist, copyright holder of product.
 
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** Don't do that. This also includes playing tracks in a way that could "denigrate" artistic integrity.
 
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* We have to take reasonable steps to prevent our listeners from pirating music play
 
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** There's not much we can do, although talking or playing jingles of intros helps with this.
 
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** Computing have to add DRM somehow if requested. Evil stuff.
 
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* We can't play music that's pirated or we don't own.
 
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** Yes, that includes that song you just downloaded from mp3skull or loaded up on YouTube.
 
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* We can't edit or remix songs.
 
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* We can't let members or (anyone) take copies of any of the data in our library.
 
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* We can't use tracks as an intro to or during advertising, features or as a trademark or brand.
 
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** This includes using them as beds for show adverts or consistently in features.
 
  
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==== Additional Technical Restrictions ====
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The Tx cupboard contains a Radica transmitter and compressor, some outboard compression, a RedNet 3 and a Scarlett 18i20 (USB audio interface). It also contains a number of servers and computers.
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* We can't provide a customised stream on a per-user basis.
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* We can't add skip/pause/back functionality or the ability to let listeners record our service.
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The transmitter is connected underground to a Radica tuner and the antenna (out the back of Vanbrugh Kitchen).
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* We can only Dub entire Tracks, not partial ones.
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* Tracks must be of a reasonable technical standard that the quality is reasonably preserved.
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===The bits between them all...===
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* Ensure the Central Database is as secured as possible, including providing reports on this to PPL if requested.
+
 
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* Our web stream must only be accessible to the countries listed in the [http://www.ppluk.com/Documents/Member%20Services/Qualifying%20countries.pdf PPL Qualifying Territories] document.
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Currently in progress is a digital audio system to connect the studios, office, jukebox and Tx cupboard together. The system being used is an AoIP (Audio over IP) network, which sits within the URY network managed by [[Computing]]. We are using a protocol called [https://www.audinate.com/solutions/dante-overview Dante], which is developed by [https://www.audinate.com/ Audinate]. In order to access this network, we have a number of [http://uk.focusrite.com/ethernet-audio-interfaces/rednet RedNet] devices spread throughout the building. The Yamaha desk in the office is also Dante enabled.
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* The Central Database cannot be removed from URY's premises (the Station and Stores) for any reason. Whether this includes backups is unclear.
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* We cannot delete any archive Tracklisting data. PPL may ask for this data at any time.
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====RedNet 2====
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 +
Placed in S1 and S2, the '2' is a 16 in, 16 out A-D and D-A.  
 +
 
 +
====RedNet 3====
 +
 
 +
Located in the Tx cupboard, the '3' is a digital interface, with up to 32 channels via ADAT fibre optical, AES or SPDIF.
 +
 
 +
====RedNet 4====
 +
 
 +
Floating between S2 and OBs, the '4' is an 8 channel mic pre.
 +
 
 +
====More Detail====
 +
 
 +
This network can be controlled using [[Dante Controller]] and the RedNet devices are controlled with [[RedNet Control]]. There is also a page further detailing our set-up at URY: [[URY's Dante Network]].
 +
 
 +
===Outside Broadcasts===
 +
 
 +
Our Outside Broadcast (OB) kit is ever-changing, and varies for every OB to suit the needs of the event. The main part is a Rhino wheeled flight case with table sides. Inside this is the majority of kit required for a simple studio style set up. This includes: a Soundcraft Spirit M12 mixing desk; Focusrite OctoPre (donated by [[Stephen Clarke]] in 2015); T.Bone Radio Mic Receivers; a Behringer 4-chan Headphone Amp; a Behringer 4-chan Compressor; OB PC; a Speaker Amp. The rhino was originally conceived by [[Tom Haines]] in 2011/12. It has been reorganised a number of times since then.
 +
 
 +
Also included in a standard OB are 3 AKG dynamic microphones (only 2 are set up usually); 2 speakers and various mic and speaker stands. Finally, there are 3 banners and 2 wife's (floor standing banners). They are the wife of the station manager.
 +
 
 +
===Stores===
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 +
Stores contains a variety of kit, some of which is currently in use, some of which is ancient and doesn't work. There is a lot of history in this room. To the left is the music store, which contains a library of records and CDs which the Head of Music is responsible for. The main section contains the URY rolling shelves. These were acquired from CS when it moved to Hes East. The rear shelf is reserved for computing hardware. The rest is Engineering. the very back shelf also has some paints and can be accessed by one person getting into the Tx cupboard, another rolling the shelf as far forward as possible (with no stuff in the way) and the Tx cupboard door being opened again (this will now be behind the shelf).
 +
 
 +
==Broadcast Engineering==
 +
Many of the engineers that come through URY will have experience in live or studio audio engineering. Whilst broadcast is not very different from these, there are a few minor differences to be aware of.
 +
 
 +
====Broadcast Desks====
 +
Whilst on a standard mixing desk, the fader will go from -∞ to either +4 or +10, a broadcast desk will max at 0, and further adjustment should be done using the trim knob. This is to make it so, when presenting, the fader can be opened to 'full' quickly and easily by the presenter without causing distortion issues.
 +
 
 +
The broadcast desks in URY are modular, so each channel strip is its own individual module. This allows for custom layout and input design. The modules are connected together using a ribbon cable. The 2 desks are the [[Sonifex S2]] and [[Sonifex Sovereign]].
 +
 
 +
==Recent History==
 +
 
 +
==Members (past and present)==
 +
 
 +
===Chief Engineers===
 +
* ''2016 - present'': [[Marco Bolt]]
 +
* ''2015 - 2016'': [[James Rudge]]
 +
* ''2014 - 2015'': [[Adam Brain]]
 +
* ''2013 - 2014'': [[Stephen 'Stevo' Clarke]]
 +
* ''2012 - 2013'': [[Tom Haines]]
 +
* ''2012 (summer)'': [[Wil Bennet]]
 +
* ''2010 - 2012'': [[Luke Sarjant]] & [[Wil Bennet]]
 +
* ''2009 - 2010'': [[Clement Sun]]
 +
* ''2008 - 2009'': [[Dylan Jones]]
 +
* ''2006 - 2008'': [[Matt Gray]]
 +
* ''2006 (spring)'': [[Jonny Hardman]]
 +
* ''2004 - 2006'': [[Iain Kelly]]
 +
* ''2003 - 2004'': [[Matt Fullerton]]
 +
* ''2003'': [[Terence Withers]]
 +
* ''2001 - 2003'': [[Philip Stewart]]
 +
* ''1997 - 2000'': [[Jonathan Ledbury]]
 +
* ''1996 - 1998'': [[Paul Burns]]
 +
* ''1996 - 1997'': [[Dave Stevenson]]
 +
* ''1993 - 1994'': [[Mark Patrick]]
 +
* ''1993 - 1994'': [[Alistair MacDonald]]
 +
 
 +
===Assistant Chief Engineers===
 +
* ''2016 - present'': [[Stephen 'Stevo' Clarke]] & [[Timothy Pilbeam]]
 +
* ''2015 - 2016'': [[Stephen 'Stevo' Clarke]] & [[Marco Bolt]]
 +
* ''2014 - 2015'': [[Andy Durant]] & [[James Rudge]]
 +
* ''2013 - 2014'': [[Andy Durant]] & [[Tom Haines]]
 +
* ''2013 (summer)'': [[Andy Durant]] & [[Stephen 'Stevo' Clarke]]
 +
* ''2012 - 2013'': [[Wil Bennet]] & [[Andy Durant]]
 +
* ''2011 - 2012'': [[Tom Haines]] & [[Jonathan Rees]]
 +
* ''2010 - 2011'': [[Launrence Hobden]]
 +
* ''2006 (summer)'': [[Matt Gray]]
 +
* ''2004 - 2005'': [[Jonny Hardman]]
 +
* ''2003 - 2004'': [[Terence Withers]]
 +
* ''2002 - 2003'': [[Matt Fullerton]]
 +
* ''2001 - 2002'': [[Adam Leith]] & [[Jonathan Aitken]]
 +
* ''1995 - 1996'': [[Wim Roose]]

Revision as of 11:20, 17 October 2016

Engineering Team
Maintains URY's audio and broadcast hardware. Also oversees building infrastructure and general maintenance.
Constitution
Created ???
Defined Here
Roles Chief Engineer
Assistant Chief Engineer
Contacts
General Enquiries engineering@ury.org.uk
Get Involved engineering@ury.org.uk
Head of Team chief.engineer@ury.org.uk


Engineering Team is the URY team responsible for maintaining URY's broadcast equipment and providing suitable set-ups for outside broadcasting, live sessions, or anything else you can think of really. If it handles analogue or digital audio and isn't a computer, its probably ours!

What do we do?

From the moment a sound leaves anything (a computer, vinyl, human, cassette, instrument, etc) to the moment it goes in to a computer for streaming, we are responsible for it! Whether that's in the studio, a session recording, the transmission (Tx) cupboard in stores or at an Outside Broadcast (OB), it's our issue.

Studio 1

The main broadcasting studio, S1 was last re-built in 2011 with the support of Alumni funding (YuFund). The mixing desk is a Sonifex S2 split-chassis broadcast desk. There are: 5 mics; 2 vinyl decks; 2 CDJs; 2 CD players; 4 aux inputs; a telephone channel with jack input (for a smartphone); 3 BAPs channels (from the presenter PC); a guest PC input; a presenter PC input. For visualisation, there are also 2 HD ready cameras and 2 LED lights.

S1 is home to the Tardis. This contains all the outboard stuff used in the studio, including a RedNet 2; compression; patch panels; headphone distribution; Wil's Black Box; sonifex power; black magic (visualisation); speaker amps.

Studio 2

Primarily used for recording, S2 was last re-built in 2012. The mixing desk is a Sonifex Sovereign broadcasting desk with custom modifications. There are: 3 mic; 2 aux inputs; 3 BAPs channels (from the presenter PC); a disconnected telephone channel.

S2 is home to the Blue Box. This contains a RedNet 2 (under construction); compression; patch panels; sonifex power; a speaker amp.

Production Office

The production office is also the main office of URY. Day-to-day it is used by any member of the station as a space to plan shows, meet with other members or get some work done. At the far end is a production PC and mixing desk. These can be used for recording sessions, jingles, clips, etc. The desk is a Yamaha 01v96i digital sound desk with a MY-16AUD Dante expansion card. This is connected via USB and analogue cabling to the PC. It also has inputs from both office wall-PCs, the studios, the CD player, and a patch panel in S2.

Transmission

URY is broadcast across campus on 1350AM. Our output is also streamed online at ury.org.uk, on radio player, iTunes radio, etc. The engineering team is responsible for getting the audio output to 1350AM and to the stream server for computing to stream. This all happens in the transmission (Tx) cupboard located in stores. Access to this is restricted to only the Head of Computing and Chief Engineer due to our licence, however they can grant access to anyone except the station manager.

The Tx cupboard contains a Radica transmitter and compressor, some outboard compression, a RedNet 3 and a Scarlett 18i20 (USB audio interface). It also contains a number of servers and computers.

The transmitter is connected underground to a Radica tuner and the antenna (out the back of Vanbrugh Kitchen).

The bits between them all...

Currently in progress is a digital audio system to connect the studios, office, jukebox and Tx cupboard together. The system being used is an AoIP (Audio over IP) network, which sits within the URY network managed by Computing. We are using a protocol called Dante, which is developed by Audinate. In order to access this network, we have a number of RedNet devices spread throughout the building. The Yamaha desk in the office is also Dante enabled.

RedNet 2

Placed in S1 and S2, the '2' is a 16 in, 16 out A-D and D-A.

RedNet 3

Located in the Tx cupboard, the '3' is a digital interface, with up to 32 channels via ADAT fibre optical, AES or SPDIF.

RedNet 4

Floating between S2 and OBs, the '4' is an 8 channel mic pre.

More Detail

This network can be controlled using Dante Controller and the RedNet devices are controlled with RedNet Control. There is also a page further detailing our set-up at URY: URY's Dante Network.

Outside Broadcasts

Our Outside Broadcast (OB) kit is ever-changing, and varies for every OB to suit the needs of the event. The main part is a Rhino wheeled flight case with table sides. Inside this is the majority of kit required for a simple studio style set up. This includes: a Soundcraft Spirit M12 mixing desk; Focusrite OctoPre (donated by Stephen Clarke in 2015); T.Bone Radio Mic Receivers; a Behringer 4-chan Headphone Amp; a Behringer 4-chan Compressor; OB PC; a Speaker Amp. The rhino was originally conceived by Tom Haines in 2011/12. It has been reorganised a number of times since then.

Also included in a standard OB are 3 AKG dynamic microphones (only 2 are set up usually); 2 speakers and various mic and speaker stands. Finally, there are 3 banners and 2 wife's (floor standing banners). They are the wife of the station manager.

Stores

Stores contains a variety of kit, some of which is currently in use, some of which is ancient and doesn't work. There is a lot of history in this room. To the left is the music store, which contains a library of records and CDs which the Head of Music is responsible for. The main section contains the URY rolling shelves. These were acquired from CS when it moved to Hes East. The rear shelf is reserved for computing hardware. The rest is Engineering. the very back shelf also has some paints and can be accessed by one person getting into the Tx cupboard, another rolling the shelf as far forward as possible (with no stuff in the way) and the Tx cupboard door being opened again (this will now be behind the shelf).

Broadcast Engineering

Many of the engineers that come through URY will have experience in live or studio audio engineering. Whilst broadcast is not very different from these, there are a few minor differences to be aware of.

Broadcast Desks

Whilst on a standard mixing desk, the fader will go from -∞ to either +4 or +10, a broadcast desk will max at 0, and further adjustment should be done using the trim knob. This is to make it so, when presenting, the fader can be opened to 'full' quickly and easily by the presenter without causing distortion issues.

The broadcast desks in URY are modular, so each channel strip is its own individual module. This allows for custom layout and input design. The modules are connected together using a ribbon cable. The 2 desks are the Sonifex S2 and Sonifex Sovereign.

Recent History

Members (past and present)

Chief Engineers

Assistant Chief Engineers

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